Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 P's of marketing?

The four P's of marketing are Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. Each of these components represents a critical aspect of marketing strategy.

Product refers to the goods or services offered to meet consumer needs, including features, quality, and branding. Price encompasses the strategy for pricing products or services, influencing profitability and perceived value. Place involves the distribution channels through which products reach consumers, ensuring accessibility and convenience. Promotion covers the tactics used to communicate with the target audience about the product, such as advertising, public relations, and sales strategies.

In this context, "People" is not one of the traditional four P's of marketing. While considerations of People (which may refer to the target market or staff involved in the service) are important in marketing, they are not part of the foundational framework established by the four P's. Instead, the focus is on the four components mentioned, which serve to guide marketers in developing effective strategies and tactics for their offerings.