What is the primary function of ACE inhibitors?

The primary function of ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) inhibitors is to lower blood pressure. These medications achieve this by inhibiting the action of the ACE enzyme, which plays a pivotal role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). When ACE is blocked, the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is reduced. Angiotensin II is a powerful vasoconstrictor that narrows blood vessels and raises blood pressure. By decreasing the production of this hormone, ACE inhibitors help to relax blood vessels, thereby lowering overall blood pressure and reducing the workload on the heart. This mechanism is particularly beneficial for individuals with hypertension, heart failure, or those at risk for cardiovascular events.

The other options do not accurately reflect the primary action of ACE inhibitors. While increasing heart rate and regulating cholesterol levels can be important aspects of cardiovascular health, they are not direct actions of ACE inhibitors. Muscle relaxation is unrelated to the function of ACE inhibitors, as these medications specifically target blood pressure regulation rather than influencing muscle tone or relaxation.