What does the term 'specificity' refer to in resistance training?

The term 'specificity' in resistance training refers to the principle that adaptations occur based on the specific demands of the training program. This means that the body will respond and adapt in a way that is closely aligned with the type of training or exercises performed. For instance, if an individual consistently engages in resistance training focused on building strength, the physiological adaptations will enhance muscle strength specifically, rather than cardiovascular endurance or flexibility.

This principle underscores the importance of tailoring exercise programs to meet the desired outcomes, such as increasing muscle size, improving strength, or enhancing muscular endurance. It illustrates that different forms of training activate different neural and muscular adaptations, so the training needs to match the performance goals of the individual. This is why the chosen answer is accurate and reflects the fundamental concept of specificity in exercise physiology.